Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 antibody response after Moderna vaccine booster on healthcare providers.

INTRODUCTION: As an endeavor to control SARS-CoV-2 infection, the Moderna vaccine booster was given to healthcare workers to prevent reinfection and reduce the risk of complications from COVID-19. A heterologous booster vaccine is also thought to provide better protection against the current SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. However, research that evaluates the effectiveness of the Moderna vaccine booster and the resulting SARS-CoV-2 antibody concentration is needed. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the concentration of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies after the Moderna vaccine booster and the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection before and after the Moderna vaccine booster. RESULTS: A total of 93 healthcare providers who received Moderna vaccine booster were included in the study. Examination of antibody concentration 3 months after the booster showed an average concentration of 10081.65 U/mL. There was an increase in antibody concentration before the booster and 3 months after, from a median of 1.7 U/mL to 9540 U/mL. Every subject showed a statistically significant increment of antibody concentration 3 months after the booster (p < 0.01). Thirty-seven (39.8%) subjects received two doses of the Sinovac vaccine and were confirmed to have COVID-19 with the Delta variant. After the booster, 26 (28%) subjects were infected with the Omicron Variant. Among the subjects who received two doses of the Sinovac vaccine and were confirmed with COVID-19, 36 (30.1%) had mild symptoms, and 1 (1.1%) was asymptomatic. CONCLUSIONS: Heterologous Moderna vaccine booster effectively increases antibody response against SARS-CoV-2 variants and shows mild symptoms of COVID-19 infection.

Coronavirus disease 2019

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new name given by World Health Organization (WHO) of 2019 novel Coronavirus infection reported at the end of 2019 from Wuhan China. The spread of infection occurs rapidly and creates a new pandemic threat. Etiology of COVID-19 was identified in 10 January 2020 a beta Coronavirus similar with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and middle east respiratory syndrome (MERS CoV). The clue diagnosis pathway of COVID-19 was history of travel from Wuhan or others infected countries within 14 days prior and symptoms of acute respiratory illness (ARI) or lower respiratory infection (pneumonia) with the result of real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) specific for COVID-19. The WHO classified COVID-19 into suspect case probable case and confirmed case. Indonesia Ministry of Health classified the case into in monitoring (ODP) patient under surveillance (PDP) people without symptom (OTG) and confirmed case. Specimens for detection COVID-19 could be acquired from nasal and nasopharynx swab sputum and another lower respiratory aspirate including bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Management of COVID-19 consist of isolation and infection control supportive treatment according to the disease severity which could be mild (acute respiratory infection) to severe pneumonia or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Disease transmission is via droplets and contact with droplets. Currently there is no antiviral and vaccine. Prevention is very important for this disease by limitation of transmission identification and isolate patients. Prognosis is determined by severity of the disease and patient comorbidity. Information about this novel disease remains very few studies are still ongoing and is needing further research to fight with this new virus. (J Respir Indo. 2020;40(2): 120-30)

Corona Virus Disease 2019

Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-2019) was a new name of 2019 novel corona virus (2019 nCoV) infection by WHO, reported at the end of 2019 from Wuhan, China. Etiology of COVID-2019 was identified at 10 January 2020, a betacorona virus, similar with SARS and MERS CoV. The clue diagnosis pathway of COVID-2019 were history of travel from Wuhan or others infected countries within 14 days prior, and symptoms of acute respiratory illness (ARI) or lower respiratory infection (Pneumonia) then with the result of real time polymerase chain reaction (rt-PCR) specific for nCOv 2019. WHO classified COVID-2019 into suspect case, probable case;and confirmed case. Indonesia Ministry of Health classified the case into in monitoring (ODP), patient under surveillance (PDP), people without symptom (OTG) and confirmed case. Specimens for detection COVID-2019 could be nasal and nasopharynx swab, sputum and another lower respiratory aspirate including broncoalveolar lavage (BAL). Management of COVID-19 consist with isolation and infection control, supportive treatment as degree of disease that could be mild (acute respiratory infection) until severe pneumonia or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Transmission via droplet and contact with droplet. Currently, there is no antiviral and vaccine. Prevention is very important for this disease by limitation of transmission, identification and isolate patients. Prognosis was determined by severity of the disease and patient comorbidity. Information about this novel disease remains very few, study still ongoing and need further research to fight with this new virus.

Factors Associated with Death in COVID-19 Patients in Jakarta, Indonesia: An Epidemiological Study.

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus Disease 2019 is an emerging respiratory disease that is now a pandemic. Indonesia is experiencing a rapid surge of cases but the local data are scarce. METHODS: this is an analysis using data from the ongoing recapitulation of Epidemiological Surveillance (ES) by the Provincial Health Office of Jakarta from March 2nd to April 27th 2020. We evaluated demographic and clinical characteristics of all confirmed cases in association with death. RESULTS: of the 4,052 patients, 381 (9.4%) patients were deceased. Multivariable analysis showed that death was associated with older age (odds ratio [OR] 1.03; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02, 1.05, per year increase; p<0.001), dyspnea (OR 4.83; 95% CI 3.20, 7.29; p<0.001), pneumonia (OR 2.46; 95%CI 1.56, 3.88; p<0.001), and pre-existing hypertension (OR 1.86; 95% CI 1.24, 2.78; p=0.003). Death was highest in the week of April 6th 2020 and declined in the subsequent weeks, after a large-scale social restriction commenced. CONCLUSION: older age, dyspnea, pneumonia, and pre-existing hypertension were associated with death. Mortality was high, but may be reduced by lockdown.